A cardiac catherization, or heart angiogram, allows doctors to assess the pumping function of the heart and determine if there is any significant blockage in the arteries.
The procedure involves threading a tiny tube through an artery to the heart and injecting dye into the arteries that transport blood through the heart using X-ray imaging. Talk with your doctor about which method of access — the femoral artery in the groin or radial artery in the wrist — is best for you.
Let your doctor know if you have any upcoming surgeries, such as a colonoscopy, knee, hip or eye surgery. A nurse from the hospital Pre-Admission Testing department will call you with a date for your procedure, review your medical history and current medications, and discuss what to expect during the procedure. You will need to arrange for a friend or family member to provide transportation home after your procedure. In most cases, patients receive a low dose of sedation and pain management through an IV that allows them to be comfortable and drift off during the procedure.
While sedated, a local anesthetic numbing agent is given prior to the use of a small needle to access the artery in the groin or wrist. A small plastic tube is placed into the vessel that allows the physician to place a catheter into the heart chamber and arteries.
Once the catheter is in place, the doctor performs specific tests to assess the condition of your heart. When the procedure is completed, the tube is removed, and pressure is applied to the access site to prevent bleeding. If the procedure is performed via the groin, a closure device or manual pressure may be used. If the radial artery in the wrist is used, a compression band is applied to maintain pressure.
Typically, the procedure takes about one hour. When groin access has been used, you lie flat for hours and then move to a sitting position to ensure bleeding is controlled. A small bruise at the puncture site is normal. If you notice any of the following, call your doctor right away:. Some additional time may be needed if a treatment was done during your cardiac catheterization. Your doctor will advise you accordingly.
Cardiac catheterization is generally a safe procedure. Some people experience minor issues, like bruising around the area where the catheter was inserted. Others may have an allergic reaction to the contrast dye, which can cause nausea.
Other rare potential risks include a perforated blood vessel, blood clots, and an irregular heartbeat. Prior to the procedure, your doctor will discuss all potential risks with you, as well as any special measures your team will take to prevent them. The Penn Heart and Vascular blog provides the latest information on heart disease prevention, nutrition and breakthroughs in cardiovascular care.
About this Blog The Penn Heart and Vascular blog provides the latest information on heart disease prevention, nutrition and breakthroughs in cardiovascular care. Date Archives Year How long you need to stay in the hospital depends on your overall health and the reason for the catheterization. The area where the catheter was inserted may feel sore for a few days. Tell your doctor if you have any bleeding or new or increased swelling or pain at or near the access site.
If cardiac catheterization was done to diagnose a heart condition, your doctor should explain the results to you. If your doctor finds a blockage during cardiac catheterization, he or she may treat the blockage with or without a stent placement right away so that you won't need to have another catheterization procedure. Your doctor should discuss whether this is a possibility before the procedure begins.
Explore Mayo Clinic studies of tests and procedures to help prevent, detect, treat or manage conditions. Cardiac catheterization care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Cardiac catheterization kath-uh-tur-ih-ZAY-shun is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube catheter is guided through a blood vessel to the heart to diagnose or treat certain heart conditions, such as clogged arteries or irregular heartbeats.
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Cardiac catheterization. Merck Manual Professional Version. Accessed Sept. Cardiac catheterization. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. American Heart Association. Jameson JL, et al. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. McGraw Hill; Bonow RO, et al. Elsevier; Fuster V, et al. Cardiac catheterization, cardiac angiography, and coronary blood flow and pressure measurements.
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